Lunes, 28 de noviembre

-Explicamos la diferencia entre nombres contables e incontables y el uso de, some/any/no, much/many/a lot of y how much/how many:

 

·                     Countable and uncountable nouns. 

Los nombres contables son aquéllos que se pueden contar y pueden ir en singular o plural.

 

Boy/boys, car/cars, house/houses, person/people

A los nombres contables en singular, les pondremos el determinante A/AN 

a car  /   a  house  / a child  (se usa a cuando la siguiente palabra empieza por vocal)

an elephant  //  an apple  (se usa an cuando la siguiente palabra empieza por consonante)

 

Los nombres incontables son aquéllos que no se pueden contar y sólo aparecen en singular

salt / water / cheese / milk

 

Los nombres de alimentos que se suelen comer en porciones, normalmente, son incontables en inglés, aunque en castellano sí se pueden contar:

ham (jamón)/cheese (queso)/bread (pan)/ice-cream (helado)

Determinantes que vamos a usar con los nombres contables plurales y con los incontables

·                     SOME / ANY (unos, unas o, a veces, no se traducen)  SOME, en frases afirmativas;(EN ALGUNAS PREGUNTAS QUE IMPLICAN UNA INVITACIÓN TAMBIEN SE USA SOME) ANY, en frases negativas e interrogativas

I've got some money / I haven't got any money / Have you got any money?

There are some apples / There aren't any apples / Are there any apples?

Would you like some water? (invitación)

·                     El determinante NO tiene la capacidad de hacer negativa una frase cuando el verbo está en afirmativa. 

I have no money = I haven't got any money

She has no patience with children. She can't be a teacher.

Practica:

- Fill in the gaps with SOME, ANY or NO:

·                     Mary doesn't like _________ sports

·                     He bought _________ eggs. We can't bake the cake

·                     There isn't _________ people in the queue 

·                     There were ________ people at the bus atom

·                     Would you like ________ice-cream?

·                     Are there _________ fruit in the fridge?

 - Much / Many / A lot of.

 

·                     Much. Siempre va seguido de un nombre incontable y puede usarse en frases negativas y también en preguntas en combinación con HOW (HOW MUCH= cuánto)

I don't have much money

How much water is there in the bottle?

 

·                     Many. Siempre va seguido de un nombre contable y puede usarse en frases negativas y también en preguntas en combinación con HOW (HOW MANY = cuántos)

She doesn't have many friends

How many chairs are there in the class?

 

·                     A lot of. También significa "mucho/muchos" y sirve tanto para contables como incontables. Es el cuantificador más usado en frases afirmativas

I have a lot of books

They want a lot of sugar in their coffee

 

Practica con este ejercicio:

-Write MUCH/MANY/A LOT OF

 

- Mary likes ____________ salt in her food

- I usually write _________of emails everyday

- She doesn't have _________ food at home

- How ________ cars are there in the garage?

Lunes, 21 de noviembre

  Explicamos la forma y el uso del Past Continuous.

• Past Continuous.

AFFIRMATIVE (suj + was/were + verbo+ing) (Yo estaba estudiando...)

I was studying
You were studying
He was studying
She was studying
It was studying
We were studying
You were studying
They were studying 

NEGATIVE (suj + wasn't/weren't + verbo+ing)

I wasn't studying

You weren't studying

He wasn't studying

She wasn't studying

It wasn't studying

We weren't studying

You weren't studying

They weren't studying

INTERROGATIVE (Was/were + suj + verbo+ing)

Was I studying?

Were you studying?

Was he studying?

Was she studying?

Was it studying?

Were we studying?

Were you studying?

Were they studying?

Usamos este tiempo verbal para expresar acciones que estaban teniendo lugar en un momento del pasado (Yesterday at 5 o'clock / Last Monday at 4.30) Se trata de acciones que tuvieron cierta duración en el tiempo y que el hablante quiere resaltar. 

I was working yesterday at 11.

Muchas veces este tiempo verbal aparece en combinación con el Past Simple. La acción expresada por el Past Continuous sería una acción larga que se ve interrumpida por una acción más corta expresada por el Past Simple

She was watching TV when I arrived (Ella estaba viendo la tele cuando yo llegué)
He was driving very fast when the police stopped him (Estaba conduciendo muy rápido cuando la policia lo paró)
The post arrived while I was working on the project (El correo llegó mientras yo estaba trabajando en el proyecto) 

Estas oraciones compuestas suelen ir unidas con los conectores WHEN (cuando) y WHILE (mientras) 

• Practica con este ejercicio
• Practica con este otro. Será muy parecido al que aparecerá en el examen

 Fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets. Use the PAST SIMPLE or PAST CONTINUOUS.

a-  What ……………………  she ………........ (do) when you arrived?.

b-  She was listening to the music when he …………………..(come) into the room

c- While they ……………………………………….. (read) the article, it started to rain.

d-  He…………………………….(not listen) to music when the accident happened.

e- My mother …………………………………….(study) when he rang the bell

Lunes, 14 de noviembre

 

• Past Simple. Usamos  este tiempo verbal para expresar acciones que ya han acabado. Suelen aparecer con expresiones de tiempo que así lo indican (Last year, yesterday, last Friday, in 1998...)

Verb to be
 Affirmative                  Negative                             Interrogative           
I was                             I wasn't                                Was I?
You were                      You weren't                         Were you?
He was                         He wasn't                            Was he?
She was                       She wasn't                          Was she?
It was                             It wasn't                               Was it?
We were                       We weren't                         Were we?
You were                       You weren't                         Were you?
They were                     They weren't                       Were they?

Regular verbs. 
Affirmative (Suj + verb+ed)    Negative (suj.+didn't+verb pres)  Interrog. (did +suj+verbpres)
I lived                                        I didn't live                                       Did I live?
You lived                                  You didn't live                                  Did you live?
He lived                                    He didn't live                                   Did he live?
She lived                                  She didn't live                                 Did she live?
It lived                                       It didn't live                                      Did it live?
We lived                                   We didn't live                                  Did we live?
You lived                                   You didn't live                                 Did you live?
They lived                                 They didn't live                               Did they live?

Algunos verbos regulares que debes aprender:

Live

Like

Watch

Study

Talk

Visit

Walk

Listen 

Need

Call

Play

Open

Irregular verbs. (Aprender lista de verbos irregulares) 
Affirmative(Suj+verbpast)   Negative(suj+didn't+verb pres)   Interrog. (did + suj+ verb pres) 
I went                                     I didn't go                                       Did I go?
You went                               You didn't go                                  Did you go?
He went                                 He didn't go                                   Did he go?
She went                               She didn't go                                 Did she go? 
It went                                    It didn't go                                      Did it go?
We went                                We didn't go                                  Did we go?
You went                               You didn't go                                   Did you go?
They went                              They didn't go                                Did they go?

• Study these irregular verbs: (lista de mínimos)

Be(ser, estar)                                        Was, were                                      Been

Begin(empezar)                                     Began                                             Begun

Break(romper)                                        Broke                                              Broken

Buy (comprar)                                        Bought                                            Bought

Come (venir)                                          Came                                              Come

Do (Hacer)                                             Did                                                   Done

Drink (Beber)                                         Drank                                              Drunk

Drive (conducir)                                     Drove                                               Driven

Eat (comer)                                            Ate                                                  Eaten

Go (ir)                                                    Went                                                Gone

Have (tener)                                          Had                                                  Had

Know (saber)                                        Knew                                                Known

Meet (reunirse con, conocer)                Met                                                  Met

Read (leer)                                            Read                                                Read

See (ver)                                               Saw                                                 Seen

Sit (sentarse)                                         Sat                                                   Sat

Speak (hablar)                                      Spoke                                              Spoken

Swim (nadar)                                        swam                                               Swum

Think (pensar)                                      Thought                                          Thought

Win (ganar)                                           Won                                                  Won

Write (escribir)                                      wrote                                                written

• Practica. Realiza estos ejercicios de pasado simple 

Lunes, 7 de noviembre

 En la clase de ayer, sólo estuvimos haciendo las pruebas de repaso que hemos publicado anteriormente.

Para estudiar para el examen del jueves 10, recordad que debéis repasar los apuntes de todas las clases y practicar con estas pruebas de repaso (el examen tendrá exactamente los mismos ejercicios)

Suerte a todos

Prueba de repaso 2

 

Exam Revision for 3º ESPAD for the examen parcial  of 10th November

(4 POINTS)

1.       Fill in the gaps with the PRESENT SIMPLE (0’1 each)

-          John often________ (travel) to Madrid

-          Mary ___________(not do) yoga

-          My brother ___________ (use) his phone for everything

-          ______ you and Paul ________ (play) tenis?

-          _______ John______ (go) to the cinema?

 

2.       Write the words in the correct order. (0’25 each)

-          always / cooks/ on / Mary /pasta /Tuesdays

 

-          you / do /the/ in / usually /sing  /shower ?

 

3.       Fill in the gaps with the PRESENT CONTINUOUS (0’1 each)

-          I __________ (do) my homework

-          Mary ______________ (work) in an office now

-          Susan _____________ (not sleep)

-          _______ you _________ (come) home now?

-          ________ John _________ (read) the letter?

 

4.       Fill in the gaps with the PRESENT SIMPLE or CONTINUOUS (0’1 each)

-          We ___________ (have) breakfast in the garden every morning.

-          Look! The sun_____________ (shine) now!

-          His father _______________ (not like) fish

-          _______ you __________ (watch) the news now?

-          ______ she__________ (need) a new phone?

 

5.       Fill in the gaps with WHO / WHICH / WHOSE (0’125 each)

-          I don’t like the people __________ talk too much

-          The man __________ hat is black is the new boss

-          The sandwiches ________ are in the fridge are  for you

-          I can’t see the birds _______ are too far away

 

6.       Complete the chart with the COMPARATIVE and SUPERLATIVE forms (0’05 each)

	Comparative	Superlative
Small
Bad
Modern
scary
Expensive

 

7.       Write COMPARATIVE sentences (0’25 each)

John / Peter – Intelligent?

 

The film / The book – Bad?

 

8.       Write SUPERLATIVES sentences (0’125 each)

This house – small – in the town

Mary – beautiful girl - in the group

Enrique Iglesias – bad singer – in the world

This restaurant – far – in the city